Ratchet apparatus for chain-pumps



(No Model.)

G. M. SHAW.

RATOHET APPARATUfi FOR. CHAIN PUMPS.

Patented May 27 1884.

UNITE dramas GENIO M. SHAWV, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

RATCHET APPARATUS FOR CHAlN- -PUIWPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,171, dated May 27, 188%. Application filed March 10, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, GnNIo M. SHAW, of

Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ratchet Apparatus for Chain-Pump Fixtures; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to the fixtures employed with chain-pumps, its object being to provide cheap, simple, and efficient ratchet apparatus to prevent back motion of the pumphandle. These pumps are provided with a pipe or tube extending from the pump-box down into the well under the surface of the water, and the water is raised through this tubeby means of an endless chain having cups or valves fitting the tube and passing over a reel in the pump-box, the reel being mounted on a reel-shaft journaled in bearings secured in the pump-box and turned by a suitable crank. As the pump-tube is generally long, and is always filled with water when the pump is in operation, it is evident that when the pump-handle is released the weight of the water in the tube, held therein by the cups or valves, has a tendencyto draw the reel and handle back, and that it is necessary to have ratchet apparatus to hold it, as the force is sufficient to cause the handle to injure any portion of the body struck by it on the reverse motion. By my invention I provide a simple and efficient ratchet apparatus for these pump-fixtures, and one that adds but little to the expense thereof.

It consists, essentially, in combining with the ratchet-wheel shaft one or more sliding tumblers fitting around said wheel, each having two or more teeth, and the teeth of the tumblers being arranged, where two tumblers are employed, alternately 011 each tumbler, so that a ratchet-tooth on the wheel will engage first with one tumbler-plate and then with the next, and by forming more than one tooth on a tumbler a wheel having but few teeth may be employed, and if the force of the pressure or speed of the ratchet-wheel is sufficient to raise one tumbler so that it does not engage, the other tumbler will catch and hold the 5 ratchet-wheel.

It also consists in forming the inclosing-box of the ratchet apparatus by extending the housing or case over the top and sides thereof, and closing the face of the box by a disk cast with the power-shaft.

It also consists in forming the base of this housing or box open and extending the tumblers below said disk, so that they may be raised by the hand, and so permit the reverse or back motion of the shaft.

. It also consists in certain details of construction in the ratchet apparatus and housing.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of the reel-shaft and bearing illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 00 as, Fig. 2, in the direction of the arrow 1. Fig. 4 is a crosssection on the line 3 3 in the direction of the arrow 2. Fig. 5 illus trates by perspective views the sliding tumblers. Fig. 6 illustrates by like views the housing and bearing of the power-shaft, and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of part of the power-shaft.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

The pump box a may be of any construction, and the power-shaft B is journaled in bearings thereon, but one bearing, 0, being shown, as any suitable bearing may be employed at the other end of the shaft. The power-shaft carries a reel, over which passes a chain carrying cups or valves, these parts being of any desired construction, and it be ing therefore unnecessary to illustrate them.

Cast with the power-shaft B is the ratchet wheel d, this wheel having the four ratchetteeth numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4., and. it being possible to so cast it, as there are no undercutting faces,which would prevent the pattern of this wheel from being withdrawn with the body of the shaft-pattern from the sand. The ratchet-wheel thus cast with the powershaft makes it much cheaper, as it saves a separate casting, and one which is difficult to form on account of the coring to form the mortise to fit the shaft. The shaft is also provided with the neck or bearing c, disk f, hereinafter referred to, and handle -bar 9 beyond the disk, these parts being all cast integral, and being of such shape that they can be withdrawn from the sand. The journal-bearing his formed in two parts, the box h thereof fitting in the bearing, and being held in position therein by the seatsZ on bearing and box.

Along the outer edge of the box h is the rib h which fits against the edge of the pumpbox a, and prevents the bearings from being placed so far over the box as to prevent the free movement of the sliding tumblers, as hereinafter described. The bearing h has the flanges h extending over the top of the box a, and secured thereto by bolts or screws.

Cast with the bearing h, and supported thereby,is the case 7c,which extends over the ratchet-wheel (Z, and with the disk f forms the case or box for the ratchet apparatus, the case fitting closely over the edge of the disk on the top and. side edges of the disk, but the lower part of the case being left open to permit the raising of the sliding tumbler or tumblers inclosed within the box. These tumblers Z m are flat metal plates fitting around the ratchet-wheels, and between guides k on the side walls of the case k, these guides fitting against the side edges of the plates and permitting only vertical movement thereof. In the plates is the oblong hole or opening it, within which the ratchet-wheel (Z fits, and at the upper part of this opening are the ratchet-teeth 10, two teeth being formed on each plate-as, for example, the plate Z has the teeth p10 while the plate m has the teeth pgf, and the teeth on one plate alternate with those on the other, so that when the plates are inclosed in the case the upper ratchet-tooth of the wheel will engage first with the tooth on the plate Z, then with the tooth p on the plate m, next with the tooth p on the plate Z, and finally with the tooth p on the plate m, each tooth on the wheel thus engaging with each tooth in the plates, so that where the ratchet-wheel has four teeth the sliding tumblers act to stop it sixteen times on each revolution of thepowershaft. By thus increasing the number of pawls and the teeth therein a sufficient number of stops is made with the ratchet-wheel, which,because it is cast with the power shaft,- has but few teeth.

It is evident that the number of sliding tumblers within the case may be increased, and consequently the number of stops for the ratchet-wheelbe proportionately increased, according to the engaging teeth on the tumblers.

The plates Zm may be open at the base; but I prefer them closed, as they can be more easily raised by the hand when it is desired to turn the handle backward.

To prevent friction between the sliding tumblers and the inner tumbler and case-wall, I form on one or both faces of the tumblers the ribs qgwhich hold them apart and give but little surface contact between them.

The apparatus is secured to the pump-box.

with the case or box on the outside thereof,-

so that the sliding tumblers are outside thereof, where they can be lifted by the person pumping with one hand while he works the handle with the other, and all liability of the water raised coming against the ratchet apparatus is avoided, so the action of the parts will not be affected by frost or ice. The rib h along the base of the box h prevents the bearing from being placed so far over the edge of the box as to bring the sliding tumblers in contact with the box, and so prevent their proper operation. As the power shaft is turned in raising water,the ratchet-wheel lifts the sliding tumblers, and they do not'interfere with the operation of pumping. When the handle is released, however, the upper tooth of the ratchet-wheel catches in one of the teeth of one of the tumblers, according to the position of the wheel-tooth, and as in the apparatus shown the ratchet and tumblers engage in sixteen different positions in one revolution, the handle cannot move back farther than onesixteenth of a revolution. If the handle has been turned rapidly, and so raised one tumbler so high that it will not engage at once, the other tumbler, not being so raised,will catch in the ratchet-wheel and hold the parts. As the sliding tumblers are entirely supported on the ratchet-wheel and can be made heavy, they are more certain in action than the ordinary pivoted pawl. the ordinary pawl, and are protected from injury by the inclosing-box formed of the case is and disk f. In case the pump-chain should become tangled, or for other reason it is desired to turn back the power-shaft, as the case It is open at the base, the tumblers can be raised and the handle turned back.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In ratchet apparatus, the combination, with a ratchet-wheel, of one or more sliding tumblers supported around said wheel, and having two or more teeth, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In ratchet apparatus, the combination, with a ratchet-wheel, of two or more sliding tumblers supported around said wheel and having engaging teeth, the teeth of said tumblers being arranged alternately with each other, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In ratchet apparatus, the combination, with the ratchet-wheel d, of the bearing h, case k, supported thereby, guides k, and one or more sliding tumblers having engaging teeth, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination of the power-shaft having the disk f, bearing h, case k, supported thereby, and ratchet apparatus supported within thebox formed by the case and disk, sub stantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of the power-shaft having the disk f, bearing h, case 70, open at the They are also much stronger than base, ratchet-Wheel d, and one or more slidand case, of the sliding tumblers having the 10 ing tumblers extending below said disk, subribs 1", substantially as and for the purposes stantially as and for the purposes set forth. set forth.

6. The combination of the powershaft, In testimony whereof I, the said GENIO M.

5 ratchet-Wheel d, bearing h, having the rib h SHAW, have hereunto set my hand.

case is, supported 011 said bearing, and sliding GENIO M. SHAWV. tumblers, substantially as and for the purposes WVitnesses:

set forth. J AMES I. KAY,

7. The c0mbination,with the ratchetwheel J. V. COOKE. 

